The Chemistry Of Water

1. Describe how water molecules are bonded.
- Water molecules are bonded by a covalent chemical bond

2. Describe how the positive and negative charges of water are distributed.
- Water is considered electrically neutral. the charges positive and negative are not distributed.

3. Describe the chemistry of water that allows an insect to walk on water.
- The surface of the water acts like a layer of elasticity when a small weight is placed upon it. This is called the surface tension of water.

4. What is unique about water and its density?
- When most liquids are formed into a solid the mass increase but when water is formed into ice the mass decreases which it allow it to float.

  

Sediment Core And History

1. Who is the author, and what is she researching?

- The author is Alyson Santoro and she is studying microbes in the nitrogen cycle.

2. What technique is the researcher using that is especially good at recovering delicate sediments?

- The technique is called multicoring.

3. What happens to the samples after it is loaded onto the ship?

- The scientist are on a mad dash to remove the cores from the frame and rushed into a special room called cold van.

4. What is the name of the research vessel?

- The name of the research vessel is called the melville.

Four Types Of Marine Sediments

Julie/Ashley by julie-ferr on GoAnimate

Video Maker - Powered by GoAnimate.

The Economic Importance of Marine Sediments

1. What are some products that come from sediments?
-The materials for building roads and structures. Toothpaste, paint and swimming pool filters.

2. How much of the world's energy comes from sediments?
-1/3 of oil and gas come from the deposits of continental margins.

3. How important is sand and gravel?
-Sand and gravel are important because they value more than $510 million dollars.

-KEY QUESTIONS -
1. In what ways are sediments classified?
-Clastic, biochemical, or chemical precipitate.

2. List the types of marine sediments , Explain -
Lithogenous - they are formed by the weathering process. They are made up of small particles of rocks and oceanic volcanoes.

Biogenous - They are formed from the past life forms such as bones/teeth.
Hydrogenous - They are formed by minerals from the ocean's water by resulting into new minerals.
Hydrogenous - They are formed by precipitation of minerals from the ocean water.

Cosmogenous - They are formed by the nature surroundings and the sediments remains of large bodies of space materials such as comets and asteroids.


3. Where are sediments thickest? Are any areas of the ocean floor free of sediments?
-Continental slopes and rises is where sediments are thickest. There aren't any areas of the ocean floor free of sediments.

Island Arch and Ocean Trenches

ocean trench and island arc by julie-ferr on GoAnimate

Animation Software - Powered by GoAnimate.

Abyssal Plains

1. Define Abyssal Plains.

- It's an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor.

2. Describe where AP are found.

- They are found in depths of 3000 to 6000m in the Atlantic, as well as the Pacific.

3. Describe it's features.

- consist of volcanic rocks topped with sediments that are up to thousand of feet deep.

4. How much of the Earth do AP make up?

- They make up almost a third of Earth's surface.

Adaptations of sea caves.

What are some typical adaptations for these animals for these animals and why?

_ The lack of pigmentation.

_ development of sensory ( they don't depend on light )

_ reducing the size of the eyes.

Why is oxygen NOT plentiful in caves, and how do creatures deal with the lack of oxygen?

_ Oxygen is not plentiful because there is no photosynthesis.

_ Creatures deal with the lack of oxygen by reacting in a certain way, or physically in the environment they are in at the moment. 

Why do adaptations occur?

_  It's not because animals need to or want to adapt but they adapt on their own randomly.

When they do adapt, their adaptations leads to survival of living.